Contoh - Kertas 2

Example 1...

  

Diagram 2.1 shows the respiratory system of an insect. Diagram 2.2 shows the respiratory system of a human.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sistem respirasi serangga. Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan sistem respirasi manusia.

 

  

Organs in both systems are adapted for an effective gaseous excnange.
Organ-organ dalam kedua-dua sistern diubahsuaikan untuk pertukaran gas yang berkesan.

 

 

                                              Diagram 2.1                           Diagram 2.2

 

 

(a) (i) Name the parts labeled P and R. [1 mark]
          Namakan bahagian berlabel P dan R [1 markah]

Answer: P - Trachea
               R - Spiracle

 

(Simple, just name the parts)

 

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(ii) Name the respiratory system shown in Diagram 2.1. [1 mark]
     Namakan sistem respirasi yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.1. [1 markah]

 

Answer: Tracheal system

 

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(b) State one similarity and one difference of structure P in Diagram 2.1 and Diagram 2.2 [2 marks]
     Nyatakan satu persamaan dan satu perbezaan struktur P dalam Rajah 2.1dan Rajah 2.2
    [2 markah]

 

Note: 

1. Only ONE similarity & ONE differences needed, DO NOT give more than one! Any one wrong answer will DEDUCT / CANCEL one correct answer
2. Your answer must based on the Diagram ONLY ( what you see in the diagram - just the RINGS)

 Answer:

 Similarity / Persamaan - Both walls of P consist of rings to strengthen it

 Difference / Perbezaan - The wall of P in insect consistosf chitin ring while P in humans consist of cartilage ring.

 

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(c) Explain how structure Q and S increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in each organism. [2 marks]

     Terangkan bagaimana struktur Q dan S meningkatkan keberkesanan perlukaran gas dalam setiap organisma tersebut. [2 markah]

  

Note: 

1. Theoratically, we know that these structure are layered with thin layer of mucus (moist surface) BUT did it shown in the diagrams? - NO
2. What you can see is just the alveoli & tracheal tubes scatered....

 Answer:

 F1 : Consist of (millions of) alveoli in lung and many tracheal tubes / tracheole

 P1 : to increase total surface area per volurne ratio for gaseous exchange